Ask Uncle Colin: Disguised quadratics
Dear Uncle Colin,
I have to solve $5^x = 6 - 5^{1-x}$ - I understand it’s going to end up as a quadratic, but I can’t see how!
- Explain, Uncle Colin, Like I Demand!
Hi, EUCLID and thanks for your message!
The key thing here is to spot that you can split up the last term as either $5 \times 5^{-x}$ or (equivalently) as $\frac{5}{5^x}$. If you then let $y = 5^x$, you have:
$y = 6 - \frac{5}{y}$
Multiplying through by $y$ and rearranging gives you $y^2 - 6y + 5=0$.
That factorises nicely as $(y-5)(y-1)=0$, so $y=5$ or $y=1$.
However, we made $y$ up! We need to solve finally $5^x = 5$ or $5^x=1$, giving us $x=1$ or $x=0$.
Hope that helps!
- Uncle Colin